DataTypes in JavaScript with examples

Example

let name = 'Dev';
let domain = "Devenum.com"
let greet = `Welcome to devenum
       good morning`

console.log(typeof(name))
console.log(typeof(domain))
console.log(typeof(greet))

Output

string
string
string

2. Number Type

The number type represents negative or positive integer and floating-point number between -(2^53 − 1) and 2^53 − 1. Javascript number type also includes +infinity, -infinity, NAN. The NAN represents an invalid number. We can check the largest or smallest safe value of a number by using constant Number.MAX_VALUE or Number.MIN_VALUE .

Since ES6(ECMAScript 2015) we can check if the number falls in the double-precision floating-point range by using Number.isSafeInteger()An integer beyond this range is not safe anymore. It will be a double-precision floating-point approximation of the value.

Example

let count = 98.9019;
let num = -98;

if(Number.isSafeInteger(count))
{
  console.log('Precision is safe.')
}
else
{
    console.log('Precision is not safe.')
}

const val = 42/0;
console.log(typeof(count)) //number
console.log(typeof(num)) //number

console.log(val)  //Infinity
console.log(Number.MAX_VALUE ) //1.7976931348623157e+308 
 

Example :NAN

let mynum = "hell0"/3
console.log(mynum) //NAN

ECMAScript has two built-in numeric types Number and Bigint.

BigInt type

“The BigInt type is a numeric primitive in JavaScript that represents a whole number greater than 2^53 – 1” The bigint is defined by appending n at end of an integer value. By using constant Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER we can find out the largest number represented within the number primitive type.

Example :Bigint

const x = 2n ** 53n;
console.log(typeof(x))  //bigint
console.log(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) //9007199254740991

3. Boolean Type

The boolean data type represents the logical entity. It has two values true or false. It helps us to control program flow using the if-else, switch statement.

Example

var  a= true;
if(a)
{
console.log('you are 18')
}
else
{
console.log('you are not 18')
}
//output
you are 18.

4. Undefined type

In JavaScript, if a variable is declared and but no value is initialized to that variable then the value of that variable will be undefined.

JavaScript Example

let a;
console.log(a) //undefined

5. null

The JavaScript null primitive type has only one value null that represents the absence of any object value. It is used for the special value that is unknown or empty.

Example

const mynum = null;

6.symbol

The Symbol primitive datatype was introduced in ES6. The symbol is created by using the symbol function. We can pass the string into a symbol function for debugging and logging use. The symbol always creates unique value.

Example

let val = symbol('Information logged')
let val2 = symbol('Information logged')

console.log(val == val2); //false

Reference Type/Non-primitive type

Object

The object is a reference data type in javascript. An object type is a complex type that stores a collection of properties with the object literal({}) and property are identified by key-value pair. Where key is string and value can be any datatype or including another object.

Example

var fruits = {
   "name": "apple", "price": 20,  "weight":10,  "quantity": 6
}

console.log(fruits.name) //apple
console.log(fruits.price) //20
console.log(typeof(fruits)) //object

Array

An array is an object type in javascript that is used to store multiple elements in a single variable of any data type. Each value in the array is correlated with a numeric index. The Index of the array’s first element is starting with 0. We often use an index to access the elements of an array.

Example

let fruits = [
    "apple",  "orange",  "Banana",  "KIWI"
]


for(let j = 0;j < fruits.length;j++)
{
   console.log(fruits[j]);
}

//Output:
apple
orange
Banana
KIWI